Apparatus for drying brewers  grains



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. MASON. APPARATUS FOR DRYING BBB No. 512,673.

WBRS GRAINS.

Patented Ja n. 1894.

WlTNEEEES= \NVENTUR Wan/v MW W/AA (N0 Model),- 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING BREWERS GRAINS.

INVENTEIR Patented Jan. 9, 1894.

WITNESSES 3 Sheets-Shet 3.

(Nb Model.)

A. MASON. APPARATUS FOR DRYING BREWERS GRAINS.

No. 512, 73. A Patented Jan. 9, 1894,

WITNESSES lNVENTUFK @Mwk U TED "STATES ALLAN MASON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

APPARATUSFOR DRYI NG BREWERS GRAINS.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,673, dated January 9, 1894. Application filed Ijeeeinber 10, 1891. Serial 110.414.5515 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALLAN MASON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brook lyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful.

top where the material enters, and is graduated along the same downward according to the requirements of the case.

Various forms of apparatus may be employed for carrying out the said invention, but what I claim herein consists essentially of a vertical drying chamber either constructed in two or more sections, or not, inclosed in a heat circulating jacket of several sections to which the heat is first applied at the top in greatest intensity from a furnace located thereat to secure high temperature, and is graduated downward along the chamber, with appliances for regulating the same, also with vapor exhausting and condensing apparatus, and also with suitable means of feeding in the material to be dried and removing the dried product, all as hereinafter fully described reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of one form of apparatus which I employ for carrying out my invention, the steam heating coil therein represented being shown merely to indicate that it may be used as another Way of applying the heat if desired, but it is not essential and is therefore omitted from the other figures. Fig. 2, is a horizontal section of Fig. 1, on line a: at. Fig. 3, is a sectional elevation of the apparatus in a modified form of construction. Fig. 4, is a horizontal section of Fig. 3, on line y y. In this figure I represent steam jackets coupled withthe rolls used for regulating the passage of the material to be dried,

which may be used in some cases but will not be necessaryin other cases, and I therefore omit them in Fig. 2. Figs. 5 and 6, are sootional elevations of. parts of the apparatus showing other modifications more particularly adapted forsaccharine products and the like substances. 1

In the drying or evaporating of certain salts, phosphates, grains, fertilizers, saccharine products, 860., it is essential that the greatest heat shall be at the point of first contact or entrance intothe evaporator or drier, and only be maintained at that temperature for a certain portion of the space and time of exposure thereto, and that the heat shall decrease as the material gets nearer to crystallization or the perfectly dry state. In the ma jority of cases it is absolutely injurious for the products ofcombustion to come in contact with the material being crystallized, evaporated or dried as it has been applied in some cases. 'In the case of brewers grains and cereals it renders them unpalatable for animal food andunfi't for brewing or milling. It is essential also in many cases that the different temperatures in the so-called drier or evaporatorshall be certain and evenly maintained. In many cases it is necessary while retarding as much as possible the progress of the material through the drier to prevent it sticking or adheringv to any part or parts of the evaporator or drier. For this purpose I make the retarders hollow and so that steam can beintroduced and by its heat, without coming in contact with the material, cause the detachment of the adhering substance.

In the case of grains and cereals the direct application of the air and products of combustion in contact with the material being dried prevents--because of the danger of setting them on fire-the use of the high heat necessary to thoroughly evaporate in a chamber open to such application. By my method ing chamber inclosed in a metallic case, b, surrounded by a heat retaining jacket 0, in whichheat from a furnace d, or from steam heating coils e, is to be applied to the mate- 5 rial to be dried which enters at the top through a feed opening f, and from which the dried or crystallized material is discharged at the bottom in any approved way, as by the chute g, conducting the same into an elevator h, or other approved means of removing the same. In this case I represent a hopper i, at the top of the drying chamber which may be supposed to receive the materialfrom a spout or other conductor and from whichthe material aforesaid passage f, admitting the material into the drying chamber. The hopper or pan or both may have any approved form of regu- *--rages of which will be practically closed in iperation by considerable bodies of the mate- .nlet.,land outlet passages so as to materially bstructtheingress of airI combine a vacuum 1 )IOGGSS for taking away the vapors rapidly ,fenerated within the drying chamber, which ,"reatly facilitates the work, andmay;also v mploy a condenser 0, in the treatment of nubstances from the vapors of which valuable products may be obtained, and connect raid chamber with the condenser by the pipe in, witha vacuum pump l, connectedwith the 0011(1611361' as usual in such cases, and when the chamber is divided into different sections :tsHinH Fig. 1, branches m, are connected with wijach chamber, said pipe and branches havr g ng suitable regulating valves 71, to control the exhaust from the several chambers.

For retarding the descent of the material in the drying chamber to prolong the exposure toheat, various devices may be employed as best suited to the nature of the material being treated. For brewers grains, cereals and some other substances I will employ rolls as 19, preferably arranged in clusters of inverted V shape incross section, with the uppermost roll receiving the material on it and so geared that the material is delivered downward from one roll to another along and outside of the inclined ranges of said rolls.

For saccharine products and other viscous fluid substances I will employ a series of steam heated cone shaped retarders q, supported on a center post .9, one above another within a circular chamber a, so that the material will fall from one to another, and be temporarily obstructed, said cones preferably increasing a little in diameter of the base escapes through the opening j, at thebottom into the shallow pan 70, below and having the With such a ial being treated collecting in advance of the.

from above downward successively, but I be lieve theywill work well in the caseof viscons fluids if all are of the samesizebecause such fluids naturally stick to and flowinward under the cones before escaping therefrom, but I will also employ the annular inwardly sloping shelvest, attached to the inner wall' of the drying chamber, alternately with the cones, and projecting at the inneredges to a suitable distance within the circumference of thecones at the base so that the material will fall from one to theother of the cones and the shelves alternately. This form of retarder will also be useful with brewers grains,

cereals andother granular substances. An.

annular feeding hopper as 2?, may be employed for feeding the material on to the cones, with a steam heated hollowcore i forming the inj upport n po t for the cones will be ajsteam pipe and. the

ner wall of the hopper.

cones will be hollow, and the pipe will be perforated within the cones for the circulation of steam for heating the platesa'ndj causing it the escape of any matters adhering to the outer surfaces, and for the same purpose the shelveswill be made hollow and havesteam connections for the circulation of steam through them, and the rolls p likewisewill be hollow, and the ends will connectwith steam jackets n, Fig.4, when usedfor drying.

any substance liable to collect on them; This device probably will not be required in the upper and hotter portions of thedryingcham- 1' discharging directly into the upper section,

said furnace being located in close proximity thereto, for the most direct and economical application of the greatest heat thereat, where the material to be dried enters in the wet. condition capable of absorbing the greatest heat. i

From the upper section of the heating jacket the heat products considerably cooled therein will be caused to pass down along the passage e, valves 11', being opened, into the next section ac, below, and thence through passage f, to the lower section y, when still retaining sufiiciently high temperature, and finally will escape through the passage g, into the chimney g but there is also an escape passageh', from section 00, and a passage i, from section 20, to discharge the heat products from either of them in case it may be required,and to be used also for regulating the quantity of heat passing into the chamber below by means of the valves controlling said passages. The passages are located at the lower parts of the sections of the heating jacket and the heat products are caused to flow from above down- ITO --512,e!ze= i I ward insaid sections and inflpassingfrom one section to another which enables much better and more positive control than when. they flow upward for the natural tendency being ,di'rectly upward they pass in the:mo'st direct course to the-place of escapee Whe'nit is in that direction,but when thefiow is downward they set back and fill all the space laterally before escaping through the passage below.

In case the hot products from the furnace are cooled too much in one or moreof the up per sections of the jacket steam heat may be employed in the lower sections, by the, coilse, as before stated, the coil of each section above and be temporarily retained while feeding into the section below. In this example a sliding gate or valve It, opens and closes the passage into the trap from the section above,

and a similar atel' o ens the passa e and g P a regulates the feed from'the trap into th c section below. It will'be seen that the gates 70', which are always closed except when dumping the material collected above, and the body of ma terial above and in the trap below prevent suction of air from one section of thedrying chamber to another which the watery mass like brewers grains. afiords against inlet of air at the feed opening f, and a body of dried material collectedin advance'o'f the discharge spout g, largely obstructing ingress of air thereat, the sections of the drying chamber and especially those above the lower one may be subject to partial vacuums of considerable power which facilitate the work both by causing more rapid evaporation, and by the more rapid removal of the vapors generated. In this example I represent the gates 10', as arranged to be manipulated by hand for dumping the material collecting on them into the traps j, from time to time, but any approved mechanical means of operating them automatically may be employed if desired.

I am aware that in some driers in which steam is used for'applying the heat the steam has been first introduced in the upperpart of the heating chamber and conducted downward therein, and I do not broadly claim such application of heat.

I claim 1. The combination in adrier of the vertical jacketed drying chamber, a furnace connected with the upper portion of the jacket for applying the heat thereat, escape passages to cause the downflow of the heat along said jacket and drying chamber and feed and delivery apparatus to pass the material to be dried from .the top downward through the drying chamber substantially as described.

2. "The combination in a drier of the vertical jf .7 ed with the upper portionof the jacket for jacketed' drying chamber, a furnace connectapplyingthe heat thereto, escape passages to causethe "downflow of the heat along .saidjacket and drying chamber, feed and delivery apparatus to pass the material to be dried from the top downward through thedrying chamber, and vacuum'producing apparatus connected with said drying chamber to exhaust the vapors substantiallyj as described. 3. The combination in a drier of the vertical jacketed drying chamber, a furnace connected with the upperportion of the jacket for applying the heat thereat, escape passages to cause the downflow of the heat alongv saidjacket and drying chamber, feed anddelivery apparatus to pass the material to be dried from the top downward through thedrying chambers, and partitions and valves dividing said jacket into two or more sections one above another substantially as described.

4. 'The combination in a drier of the vertical jacketed drying chamber, a furnaceconnected with the upper portion of the jacket for applying the'heat thereat, escape passages to cause the downflow of the heat along, said jacket and drying chamber, traps separating said drying chamber into two or more sections one above another,"gates controlling the passageof the material into and throughthe traps, and feed and deliveryiapparatus to pass the material to be dried from the top downward through the dryingvohamber substantially as described;

5. The combination in a drier of the vertical jacketed drying chamber, a furnace connectcause the downflow of the heat alongsaid jacket and drying chamber, retarders in said chamber for obstructing the downflow of the material to be dried, andfeed and delivery apparatus to pass the material to be dried IIO from the top downward through; the drying drying chamber consisting of rolls arranged under the inlet passage in the inverted V shaped order described, and the feed and delivery apparatus to pass the material to be dried from the top downward through the drying chamber substantially'as described;

7. The combination in a drier of the vertical jacketed drying chamber, a furnace connected with the upper portion of the jacket 'for applying the heat thereat, escape .passages' causing the downflow of the heat jalongsaid jacket and drying chamber, traps separating said drying chamber into two: or moreseepass the material to be dried from the top 1 tions-one above another, gates controllingthe downward through the drying chamber subpassage of .thermaterial into and through the stantially as herein set; forth. traps, retarders in said chambereonsistinglof 5 a cluster of rolls arrangedunder the inlet; Witnesses:

passage in the inverted V- shaped. order de- W. J. MORGAN, scribed and feed and delivery apparatusto W. B. EARLL.

ALLAN MASON. 

